Sir,
I am a student and making my final year project in Electric vehicle charging Infrastructure. My unit will use major supply from PVs and rest from grid.

I need to directly charge DC lead acid batteries of 12v, 75Ah.

My question is, Do solar panels have constant voltage output. If so, I can directly connect a 12v panel to battery and time taken to charge will depend on current output.

If not, what is the extra component I need to use to keep battery charge voltage as 12v constant.

Kalayn Dash (kalyandash2010@gmail.com)